Tag: Visualization

Visualization of Single- and Two-Phase Flows in the Stage of a Transparent Electrical Submersible Pump (ESP) Prototype

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Dynamic multiphase flow behavior inside a mixed flow Electrical Submersible Pump (ESP) has been studied experimentally and theoretically for the first time. The overall objectives of this study are to determine the flow patterns and bubble behavior inside the ESP and to predict the operational conditions that cause surging. An experimental facility has been designed and constructed to enable flow pattern visualization inside the second stage of a real ESP. Special high speed instrumentation was selected to acquire visual flow dynamics and bubble size measurements inside the impeller channel. Experimental data was acquired utilizing two types of tests (surging test and bubble diameter measurement test) to completely evaluate the pump behavior at different operational conditions. A similarity analysis performed for single-phase flow inside the pump concluded that viscosity effects are negligible compared to the centrifugal field effects for rotational speeds higher than 600 rpm. Therefore, the two-phase flow tests were performed for rotational speeds of 600, 900, 1200, and 1500 rpm. Results showed formation of a large gas pocket at the pump intake during surging conditions.

Visualization of Multiple Production Variables of Petroleum Field and Wells to Support the Selection of Representative Models

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Petroleum engineers usually create hundreds of models of a reservoir to deal with its uncertainties. Since running flow simulations in all models is time-expensive, selecting a subset of “representative models” (or RMs) for simulations can reduce total simulation time without compromising analysis quality. However, judging the representativeness of the RMs and choosing the best model are hard tasks that visualization techniques can help to improve. This paper explores visualization techniques to aid engineers in evaluating and comparing the representativeness of a “solution” (i.e., a set of RMs) and of multiple solutions. We propose an interactive dashboard featuring: (a) a representativeness heatmap of multiple solutions, and (b) a set of crossplots of production variables of a solution, enhanced with convex hulls of representative and represented models. Experienced petroleum analysts evaluated the proposed visualizations positively, indicating the potential of these visualizations to enhance the process of choosing representative models.